Epheaim morris



NUNITED s'rArEs EATENT otrrioE EPHRAIM Monns, or' NEW roeien. Y.

`i/IETHOD or KEEPING THE vAnvEs or` 'osoILLATING ENGINES UPON THEIRSEATS.

` Specification of Letters Patent No. `Y8`;'706 dated February `3',1852-;

To all whom 'it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, EPHRAMMOREIS, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, machinist, have invented, made, and applied to use certain new anduseful Improvements in Oscillating Steam-Engines; and I hereby declarethat the construction, operation, and etlec-ts of the said improvementsare fully and substantially set forth and shown in the followingdescription and in the drawing annexed to and making part of this myspeciiication thereof, wherein-4 Figure l, is a plan, Fig. 2 is a sideelevation, on the` side A, of Fig. l, Fig..3, is a cross section on theline B, O, showing the induction steam passages and Fig. 4, is alongitudinal section at the lineD, of Fig. 1, showing' the internal formof the steam passages on cach` side, and the mode of i'itting the partsthat form the valve Ways for the steam in the induction and eduction.

The like marks of reference denote the corresponding parts in all thefigures.

E, is the bed frame fitted with a pair of standards a, a, on each side;b, b, are jour-` nal boxes carrying the trunnions c, c, of theoscillating steam cylinder F, which is tted `with heads, pistonpistonrod and stutiing box and side steam ways d, eZ, to the steam port-s, allas now usually made. Over the trunnions on each side the steam` ways areraised to form a segment curve e, concentric with the trunnions andfitting under the curve el, of each leg of the steam chest Gr, the steamways in which are shown by dotted lines in Fig. l, and in section inFigs. 3 and 4, the induction ways being denoted by 3, 8, are connectedtogether by an opening through the center of the steam chest and to theinduction pipe h; the eduction ways 4, 4, are connected by asemicircular opening surrounding the induction pipe with the eductionpipe i; the valve seats e, e,

`have. steam ways l and 2, connecting with the steam ways d. Each end f,j", of the steam chest Gr, is made to fit between the upper ends of thestandards a, a, and is made hollow as shown in Fig. 3, to admit steam toact under pressure plugs 5, 5, at each end which take under caps g, g,secured and adjusted by screws 6, 6. At 7c, is

`the connection of the piston rod to the crank Z, on the shaft 7.

The operation is as follows; the steam enters by the steam ways 2, and3, Fig. 4,

into the steam ways on each side of the cyl# inder, and acts onthepiston the steam passingin the direction ofthe arrow 8, see Fig. 4,and the exhaust passing olf in the direction of the arrow 9by the portsl and 4, the motion of the cylinder as it oscillates by the rotation ofthe crank causing the valve seat e, to move under the valve e1, allowingthe steam to enter and exhaust as required; the arrangement of the partsand their operation being the same as usual where the ways are throughthe trunnions.

The ordinary steam chests used in oscillating steam engines are usuallysecured down by screws and worked with the pressure they are intendedfor, but if less pressure of steam is used the valve grinds and wearsunnecessarily and when greater pressure is put on, the parts expand andthe steam chest being secured rigidly in place very often causes a leakbetween the valves and also the excess of pressure tends to lift thesteam chest. To remedy this the plugs 5, 5, are introduced and fitted toslide steam tight in their places immediately under the caps g, g, sothat the steam pressing under the plugs raises them against the capswhich being secured causes a reaction of the steam on the lower part ofthe steam ways and chest that forces the chest bodily downward upon theconvex valve seat e, e, on each side so that the higher the pressure ofthe steam the more effectively the steam chest is de pressed on to theconvex segments and the area of each plug being a little more than equalto the area of the steam ways onone side there is a pressure downwardalways greater than the pressure tending to separate the steam chestfrom the valve seat and consequently the valve and seat are keptl tightunder all pressures without unnecessary friction and wear and thepressure is adjusted by the steam itself.

Oscillating steam cylinders have been made that admit and exhaust thesteam through the trunnions, and others have been made that admit andexhaust the steam in the upper or lower part on the central line of thecylinder, and some have been made to admit and exhaust at the sides butI do not know of any oscillating engines in which the steam 4is admittedor exhausted :at the sides in combination with a means of making thepressure of the steam act to keep the steam chest down on the workingparts ifalves onto the seator seats of the saine as described and shown.

In Witness :whereof I have hereunto set my signature this twenty-sixthday of De- 15 Y cember one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.

` EPHM. MORRIS. l/Vitnesses W. SERRELL,

LEMUEL W. SERRELL.

